10 Schedule Management Plan Essay

The pilot project schedule is the roadmap for how the project will be executed. This part of our project as it provides the project team, sponsor, and sponsor, and stakeholders a picture of the project’s status at any given time. The purpose of the schedule management plan is to define the approach the project team will use in creating the project schedule. This plan also includes how the team will monitor the project schedule and manage changes after the baseline schedule has been approved. This includes identifying, analyzing, documenting, prioritizing, approving or rejecting and publishing all schedules-related changes. Schedule Management Approach Project schedules for the pilot project will be created using MS Project 2010 starting with the deliverables indentified in the project’s Work Breakdown Structure (WBS). Activity definition will identify the specific work packages which must be performed to complete each deliverable. Activity sequencing will be used to determine the order of work packages and assign relationships between project activities. The duration of activity estimating will be used to calculate the number of work periods required to complete work packages. Resource estimating will be used to assign resources to work packages in order to complete schedule development. See more: My Writing Process Essay Once a preliminary schedule has been developed, it will be reviewed by the project team and any resources tentatively assigned to project tasks. The project team and resources must agree to the proposed work package assignments, durations and schedule. Once this is achieved the project sponsor will review and approve the schedule and it will then be baselined. The following will be designates as milestones for the project schedule: – Completion of scope statement and WBS – Baselined project schedules – Approval of final project budget – Project kick-off – Approval of roles and responsibilities – Requirements definition approval – Completion of data mapping – Project implementation – Acceptance of final deliverables Roles and responsibilities for schedule development are following: The project manager Richard will be responsible for facilitating work package definition, sequencing, and estimating duration and resources with the project team. The project manage will also create the project schedule using MS Project 2010 and validate the schedule with the project team, stakeholders and the sponsors of the project. The project manager will obtain schedule approval from the project sponsor and baseline the schedule. The project team is responsible for participating in work package definition, sequencing and duration and resource estimating. The project team will also review and validate the proposed schedule and perform assigned activities once the schedule is approved. The project sponsor will participate in reviews of the proposed schedule and approve the final schedule before it is baselined. The project stakeholders will participate in reviews of the proposed schedule and assist in its validation.

National Science Day

Every year we celebrate National Science Day on 28th February to honour our Nobel laureate Sir Chandrasekhara Venkata Raman for his invention of the Raman effect through his experiments on the scattering of light. Nation pays tribute and expresses gratitude to Sir CV Raman and to all the scientists on this day for their genius and dedication. It is a day, which attracts many young minds to take up science as their career and a day to see novel scientific achievements. The basic objective of observation of National Science Day is to spread the message of importance of science and its application among the people.This is essential to accelerate the pace of development. Even in the 21st century and despite many significant achievements certain sections of our society are still guided by blind faith and beliefs, which is reflected in the quality of decision making on developmental issues. On February 28th, 1928, Sir. C. V. Raman announced the discovery of the Raman effect at the Indian I nstitute of Science in Bangalore. Sir C. V. Raman was honoured with the first prestigious Nobel Award in Physics for the country in 1930. Hence the National Science Day holds great significance for Indian Science and scientific community.Science has contributed a great deal to human welfare. Through the gospel of reason and experimental observation, by which it works, it has enabled man to acquire intellectual and mental excellence. It helps inculcate scientific temper among school children. Health and hygiene issues are prime concerns for the common people. The daily application of science like the use of clean drinking water, knowledge to eradicate contagious disease, the know how of various agricultural practices to increase crop production, the usefulness of biodiversity conservation, etc. , should be disseminated to the future generation.

Bm 3614 Professional Selling ; Sales Management Product

BMW 3614 Professional Selling & Sales Management Product Features & Benefits Deconstruction and Creation of a ‘Silent Seller' You are required to do this assignment if you failed assignment 1 Briefing Sheet for Assignment 1 Analytical Step 1 . Select any single tangible product OR intangible service of your choice. 2. Secure a brochure or download other product information from the web. 3. Make a list of what you consider to be the most important product features. In this context the ‘cutting ; pasting of narrative information from your source material is allowed. 4.Link your list of features each with a corresponding benefit to form feature / benefit pairs. This analysis and listing will be captured in a Powering slide (refer to slide templates). 5. Perform a ‘benchmark comparison between your selected product and either a named single competitor or with similar competitor products in general. Be sure to provide a clear notation of your selected product's benchmark ing as either ‘o' (equivalent), ‘+' (better than), or ‘-‘ (worse than)you comparator. Your benchmarking comparison will also be captured in a Powering slide (refer to slide templates).Silent Seller Narrative 6. Create a general equivalence statement based on your ‘co's. 7. Create a specific recommendations statement based on your ‘+g's. 8. Highlight which potential objections have been identified based on your ‘-g's. 9. Create statement/s as to how you intend to deal with potential objections. Collectively, your silent seller narrative will be captured reprint slide (rater to Source Material 10. Examples of your source material should be submitted along with your Assignment. So WSDL I Buy one? 1 1 . The overall level of convincingness of your rationale and recommendation will also be assessed.

Interacial marriage Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Interacial marriage - Essay Example Hohman (2002) relates this to cultural intolerance. Family members quest to protect their own culture prompt many to encourage marriage from the same race. Those involved in interracial relationships are perceived to be endangering their indigenous culture. Intolerance problem may persist especially in families who are cocooned in their traditional beliefs and are opposed to multicultural approaches. Families would go to the largest expend to protect their values. These values may be oppressing to some extent. The social status of an individual could be affected in an event family members are not familiar with interracial marriages. Stereotype is a major concern to those involved in interracial marriages. Family members could neglect or reject children from mixed races. This may have psychological effect to the children and their parents. Mockery and verbal abuses directed to such children could affect their social wellbeing. The parents’ role in crucial family decision-making processes could be minimized on the assumption that marring from a different race makes them less equal to other family members. In conclusion, one marring from a different race could caught between prioritizing his or her new family and protecting the values of the extended family. Family members may feel betrayed in an event choices do not favor their wishes. The married couple could face a psychological war triggered by other family members. Children would suffer the most as they would face stereotypes and could be subjected neglect to do their cross-cultural approach. In the end, family members could be the reason as to why such marriages may fail to

MGT501 - Management and Organizational Behavior Mod 3 SLP Essay

MGT501 - Management and Organizational Behavior Mod 3 SLP - Essay Example It was interesting to take the summary. Everyone wants to know more about their own personality and under the circumstances, it is definitely good to know that best way to learn. The questions always seem a little strange at first but once the assessment is completed it seems to make sense why those questions were ask. It seems from the results that they were pretty close but it seems that someone else would be able to tell you that better than yourself. It is awfully hard to judge ones own personality and learning style. That is why an assessment like this is so helpful. The things about me that are strongest and I believe will be most helpful in the workplace and as a manager are social skills, listening and verbal skills, and logical skills. Actually it seems those are the skills that a manager should have. The manager in a department or organization should be able to stay logical, hear their employees, be able to verbalize and communicate and do it in a way that feels social. The only problem is that the social skills were my highest learning skills and that could be a problem. Being too social can be a bigger issue that it is a help. It is not seen favorably by bosses that give you a boost up the ladder. It seems that the best thing of these issues that I can do for my management style is to cultivate the aural and verbal as well as logical skills but find a way to learn to be a better manager by using the social skills in another way. Although there are times when it is important. I know that seldom does my boss join us for social occasions such as birthdays out etc but once in a while would be a good thing. It would make us feel more like he knew something about us so I might try to temper some of that with the personality traits that I try to learn for a better management style. Individual learning and organizational learning are really interconnected. We have discussed the organization as

A New Empirical Model for Predicting the Sound Absorption of Polyfelt Article

A New Empirical Model for Predicting the Sound Absorption of Polyfelt Fibrous Materials for Acoustical Applications - Article Example Empirical models do not require detailed knowledge of the internal structure of the material nor are they derived from theoretical considerations. Delany and Bazley [1] showed that the values of the characteristic acoustic impedance and propagation coefficient for a range of fibrous materials, normalized as a function of frequency divided by flow resistivity could be presented as simple power law functions. Model for Impedance The model is based on numerous impedance tube measurements and is good for determining the bulk acoustic properties at frequencies higher than 250 Hz, but not at low frequencies [2,3]. The validity of this model for lower and higher frequencies was further extended by Bies and Hansen [4].Dunn and Davern [5] calculated new regression coefficients between characteristic acoustic impedance and propagation coefficient for low airflow resistivity values of polyurethane foams and multilayer absorbers. To that effect, engineers can obtain the absorption coefficient of sound at normal incidence by using the equation below: ZR = P0 * C0 (1 + C1 ((P0f)/r)-c2) The final model which comes as a derivative of the first model is Zt = (ZR + iZl)[coth(a + iB) * l] Zt = ZIR + iZIl Qunli [6] later extended this work to cover a wider range of flow resistivity values by considering porous plastic open-cell foams.Miki [7, 8] generalized the empirical models developed by Delany and Bazley for the characteristics acoustic impedance and propagation coefficient of porous materials with respect to the porosity, tortuosity, and the pore shape factor ratio. Moreover, he showed that the real part of surface impedance computed by the Delany’s model converges to negative values at low frequencies. Therefore, he modified the model to give it real positive values even in wider frequency ranges. Other empirical models include those of Allard and Champoux [9]. These models are based on the assumption that the thermal effects are dependent on frequency. The models wor k well for low frequencies. The Voronina model [10] is another simple model that is based on the porosity of a material. This model uses the average pore diameter, frequency and porosity of the material for defining the acoustical characteristics of the material. Voronina [11] further extended the empirical model developed for porous materials with rigid frame and high porosity, and compared it with that of Attenborough's theory. A significant agreement was found between their empirical model and Attenborough's theoretical model. Recently, Gardner et al. [12] implemented a specific empirical model using neural networks for polyurethane foams with easily measured airflow resistivity. The algorithm embedded in the neural networks substitutes the usual power-law relations. The phenomenological models are based on the essential physics of acoustic propagation in a porous medium such as their universal features and how these can be captured in a model [13]. Biot [14] established the theo retical explanation of saturated porous materials as equivalent homogeneous materials. His model is believed to be the most accurate and detailed description till now. Among the significant refinement made to Biot theory, Johnson et al. [15] gave an interpolation formula for â€Å"Dynamic tortuosity† of the medium based on limiting behavior at zero and infinite frequency. The dynamic tortuosity employed by Johnson et al. is equivalent to the structure factor introduced by Zwikker and Kosten [16] and therefore

Sex addiction Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Sex addiction - Essay Example gh sexual dysfunction (problems that interfere with the ability to have sex) are often seen as a greater psychological problem, sexual addiction is a dangerous disease that can destroy the lives of individuals, their families, and their friends. Fortunately, like all addictions, help is available. Nobody has to live their life suffering the pain and shame of a sexual addiction. Sexual addiction may comprise a wide range of compulsive sexual behaviors. In some cases, it can be filed under paraphilia, if the addiction involves â€Å"recurrent, intense sexually arousing fantasies, sexual urges, or behaviors generally involving 1) nonhuman objects, 2) the suffering or humiliation of oneself or one’s partner, or 3) children or other nonconsenting persons† (DSM-IV, 2000, p. 566). Statistically speaking, â€Å"paraphilias are considered rare, affecting only a small percentage of the US population. Researchers have a difficult time trying to determine a specific percentage of involved individuals because many of the acts are illegal and reporting methods typically are unreliable† (Bellnir, 2005, p. 328). This is the case for any kind of sexual disorder, because the stigma involved with sexual problems prevents many people from discussing their problems or seeking help. Usually when we talk of sexual addiction, we are referring to behaviors that involve compulsive sexual acts, most likely with a variety of partners, particularly when the sexual behavior has the nature of upsetting the person engaging in it, or otherwise negatively affective his or her life (even if they cannot admit the problem). The DSM-IV categorizes sexual addiction with other miscellany at 302.9 Sexual Disorder Not Otherwise Specified. Squeezed between feelings of sexual inadequacy and unhappiness with ones sexual orientation, it is succinctly described as â€Å"Distress about a pattern of repeated sexual relationships involving a succession of lovers who are experienced by the individual only as things

Negative impacts of an organisation without a Human Resource Research Paper

Negative impacts of an organisation without a Human Resource Department - Research Paper Example According to Kirby (2007), issues such as recruiting the right people, rewarding them and having a succession plan in place is as critical for a small firm as for larger firms. This prompts the study of KSS Ltd that has been trying to manage things on its own. While the line managers are stressed in trying to fulfill the dual role imposed on them, the staff morale is low. Some have even threatened legal action. There is lack of coordination and communication between the staff and the management. In small firms, Kirby argues, the owner/managers hardly get to know the truth of what takes place at the workplace. They are told most often only what they want to hear. Besides, Whittaker and Marchington (2003) find that line managers can work in conjunction with HR practitioners and not by themselves. The argument is that if they shoulder dual responsibility, they may do so at the cost of the corporate goals and objectives. In addition, they may not possess the necessary skills and capabilities to handle the HR issues. This, possibly, is the reason which leaves the top management stressed thereby having a negative impact on the organization. This study would hence, benefit KSS Ltd in assessing the exact situation at the workplace. The outcome of the study would benefit several organizations that have raised doubts about the contribution of the HR department. The HR departments have come under pressure to show what value they add to the company and how they can develop more effective ways of working (Truss & Gill, 2009). A study into a hospital’s functioning by the authors revealed that line managers’ objectives need to redefined and they must be aware of the communication mechanisms that are available within the organization. Thus, the outcome of this study would help KSS understand the benefits of formal HR department. As of now, the line managers try to handle the HR issues but they would need to engage HR

Down Syndrome Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Down Syndrome - Essay Example Down believed that those suffering from the condition could lead a better life if given a chance (Bowman-Kruhm 11). The condition came to be referred as Down syndrome in the early 1960s (Margulies 8). Dr. Jerome Lejeune and Patricia Jacobs, in 1959, identified the link between DS and the presence of an extra chromosome (Bowman-Kruhm 12). Symptoms Those suffering from DS exhibit both physical abnormalities as well as health complications. They have delayed cognitive development during early infancy, leading to mental retardation and reduction in intelligence quotient (IQ) from early infancy to late childhood (Rachidi & Lopes). They experience deficiency in speech and language production. The low IQ persists in adulthood and is coupled with a decline in cognition, which is a result of accelerated ageing. By the fourth decade of life, there is often an early onset of neurohistopathology, resembling Alzheimer’s disease (Rachidi & Lopes). Patients with DS have deficient spatial lea rning, behavioral defects, and memory deficits due to development and functional impairments in neurogenesis, myelination, synaptogenesis, etc. in the brain (Rachidi & Lopes). Patients with DS often have some or many of the commonly recognizable traits commonly associated with the condition. They lack normal muscle tone, giving them a â€Å"floppy† appearance (Griffith, Moore and Yoder 270). The head is often abnormally shaped, with an unusually shaped skull. They also have unusual facial features such as flattened nose, large tongues, small mouths, abnormally shaped ears, broad hands with large palm creases, and slanting almond shaped eyes with an abnormal iris... Those suffering from DS exhibit both physical abnormalities as well as health complications. They have delayed cognitive development during early infancy, leading to mental retardation and reduction in intelligence quotient (IQ) from early infancy to late childhood (Rachidi & Lopes). They experience deficiency in speech and language production. The low IQ persists in adulthood and is coupled with a decline in cognition, which is a result of accelerated ageing. By the fourth decade of life, there is often an early onset of neurohistopathology, resembling Alzheimer’s disease (Rachidi & Lopes). Patients with DS have deficient spatial learning, behavioral defects, and memory deficits due to development and functional impairments in neurogenesis, myelination, synaptogenesis, etc. in the brain (Rachidi & Lopes). Patients with DS often have some or many of the commonly recognizable traits commonly associated with the condition. They lack normal muscle tone, giving them a â€Å"floppy† appearance (Griffith, Moore and Yoder 270). The head is often abnormally shaped, with an unusually shaped skull. They also have unusual facial features such as flattened nose, large tongues, small mouths, abnormally shaped ears, broad hands with large palm creases, and slanting almond shaped eyes with an abnormal iris (Griffith, Moore and Yoder 270). It is also observed that the inner corner of the eyes in patients with DS has a rounded fold of skin called the epicanthial fold (Griffith, Moore and Yoder 270). Apart from these, they also often suffer from gastrointestinal and heart defects. Some patients with DS are found to possess normal intelligence, while most others suffer from intellectual deficiencies (Margulies 5).

Leadership Interview Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Leadership Interview - Essay Example Monitoring the team and giving feedback: making sure that the team moves at the required pace in order to achieve the set goals and objectives requires this action. He explains that he has to monitor the work of the team in an effective manner and provide them with constant feedback on their status of progress so that the team remains motivated all through. This also helps in mitigating issues that arise as the team works by finding quick solutions so that the teamwork does not stall. In this case, problems are identified when they arise, their root causes established, solutions sought and time wastage is avoided.Backing the team when it comes to the decisions they make in their meetings and actions at work: lack of support for a team’s decisions and actions result in loss of confidence in the leader’s capacity to manage such a team. He stresses that nothing is ever more discouraging to a team like a leader failing to back their decisions and actions and he further disc onnects himself from the team. It is a show of believing in the team’s capacity to act rationally and responsibly.Share the burden of the team: some issues that cause stress to the team arise and pressurize the team. It is important that a good leader steps in and try helping in the reduction of the situations that are causing stress to the team. At this point, this P&G team leader believes in coming in and trying to make the process easier and simplifies the issues to the team. The leader needs to be honest while praising the good work.

Rhetoric from renaissance to modern day Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Rhetoric from renaissance to modern day - Essay Example It is important to understand from the very beginning, that the division of the history of rhetoric into periods is somewhat conventional. In fact, from the moment of the emergence of rhetoric in its classical form, and through the Middle Ages, the Renaissance, the period of the early modern history, and up until modern times there was taking place an interconnected process of diversification of fields of application of rhetoric, as it was endowed with many different tasks during its 2500 year history by needs of politics, religion, philosophy, and science. In general, in the time that preceded the Renaissance rhetoric was made to serve Christian religious goals instead of political ones as it was the case with the classical rhetoric. Also, during the Middle Ages the classical prescriptive attitude to notion of good composition was greatly intensified, so that many medieval rhetoric works contained only rules and examples of composition. In the early Renaissance there appeared rhetor ic that followed classical examples but was composed in vernacular language. Rhetoricians who practiced such an approach accentuated the examination of style, and at times directly connected their vision with poetry. Another significant factor that influenced Renaissance rhetoric was the work of Peter Ramus, who wanted to reform the so-called medieval trivium (studied by medieval students as a combination of grammar, rhetoric, and dialectic) by shifting accents in the classical division of the stages of composing on invention, arrangement, style, memory, and delivery. Rhetoric of Ramus deepens the separation between these stages, and assigns invention and arrangement to the field of logic. In general, Ramists strived to establish a strictly logical frame that would be efficient due its rationality. For Ramists, rhetoric relates only to style, memory, and delivery. In their turn, memory and delivery gradually declined in significance during the Renaissance due to introduction of prin ting, which made written texts ever more essential for political, religious, and academic life. In this situation, rhetoricians of the Renaissance began to view the role of rhetoric in upper-class education as of a means to decorate one's ideas with the most graceful appearance. The University of Edinburghs rhetoricians, for whom such an attitude to rhetoric was trivializing, attempted to halt this tendency by postulating, on the basis of connecting of rhetoric with psychology, that the study of right and convincing style created not only professional orators but good people as such. Their greatest influence on America probably stemmed from works of 1780s of Hugh Blair, who accentuated the ethical qualities of belletristic taste and authorized the social superiority of a professional public speaker. Actually at this time George Campbell, another rhetorician of the Scottish tradition, related rhetoric to the functioning of the human mind, and described eloquence as the art to adapt discourse to its proper end. Alexander Bain, a later Scottish rhetorician, argued that persuasive discourse is formed by combining ideas in such a way that they produce the needed emotion in the public. Bain also formulated familiar classification of structures of discourse - narra tion, description, exposition, and argumentation. For America with its young democracy, the Scottish modification of classical rhetoric was especially important, as there was a perceived need for

1927 Mississippi Flood Essay Example for Free

1927 Mississippi Flood Essay In one of most powerful natural disasters in the 1900s, the Mississippi river flooded which caused severe damage around the states of Arkansas, Illinois, Kentucky, Louisiana, Mississippi, Tennessee, Texas, Oklahoma, and Kansas. The flood was caused during a large rainfall that lasted approximately 18 hours; the rainfall caused an overflow in the Mississippi river that overtook the banks. This flood wreaked havoc amongst the citizens in its path. The disaster caused over 400 million dollars’ worth of damage and 246 deaths. Back in 1927 new papers from every major city had stories all this over national disaster, like the Chicago Daily Tribune and the New York Times. Which both had very similar editorial stances, they both wrote about the political aspect of the major issue. Coverage of the government and how the intend to contribution to help this horrible situation at hand. In the Chicago Daily Tribune, they ran a headline stating,†200. 00 need help—Hoover. † Hoover, at the time was Secretary of Commerce was urging President Coolidge that a larger relief fund was needed. (Chicago Daily Tribune). The newspaper went on to discuss donations from the community to help aid the 200,000 people that needed help. Hoover collaborated with the Red Cross to relieve the people affected by the flood. The editorial stance that the Chicago Daily Tribune ran was political. In the New York Times, their headline was, â€Å"Congress to act on flood perils. The paper ran an article about Tennessee Senator McKellar taking action on the Mississippi flood issue. He states that, â€Å"The cost may stagger the economic imagination of some of my colleagues, but no matter what it is it will not be a fraction of the loss that has followed in the wake of the record-breaking deluge of 1927. I intend to call a conference of the Senators and Representatives of the Mississippi States to make a survey and, if possible, to draft legislation which will minimize the flood peril. † (New York Times).

Analysis of the Security Management Market in Hong Kong

Analysis of the Security Management Market in Hong Kong The Security Management Industry INTRODUCTION Security management is the combination of hardware, software, and services that normalizes, aggregates, correlates, and visualizes data from disparate security products. Security management is a broad term that encompasses several currently distinct market segments. With the presence of the Internet, spam is becoming increasingly costly and dangerous as spammers deliver more virulent payloads through email attachments. According to a recent IDC (2004) study, the volume of spam messages sent daily worldwide jumped from 7 billion in 2002 to 23 billion in 2004. The Hong Kong Population has increasingly Internet users. This boom in the electronic commerce creates ease in communication and on business transactions however this has also compromised the internal data security with the presence of hackers. Industry analysts believe that increased spending on internet security products and the establishment of a corporate data security policy is equally important in avoiding information leakage. Estimated information security spending in Hong Kong will reach USD 231 million in 2003 and will maintain a stable growth to reach USD 252 million in 2004. U.S. security products enjoy an excellent reputation in Hong Kong and should continue to dominate the market. According to Braunberg (2004), a major early driver for security management products is the need to get a handle on event data emanating from intrusion detection systems. Many security management products are chiefly concerned with the consolidation, correlation and prioritization of this type of data. These event management and correlation products address the volume of data and its heterogeneous origin, both in terms of devices and vendors. SECURITY MANAGEMENT MARKET IN HONG KONG Market Highlights The continuous increase in demand for communication internationally, internet has been increasingly in demand. With the Internet in business transactions, companies expanded sales opportunities through e-commerce and reduce business costs. With the presence of Internet, companies can broadly expand customer base. However, in spite of all these benefits that companies experienced with Internet, it has also brought some costs to companies. Internet opens up network and servers to external and internal attacks. In order to guard against these attacks, Hong Kong companies have increasingly felt the need to purchase Internet security. According to the report of HKCERT (2004), the number of PCs installed in Hong Kong has skewed to the low end. In the survey conducted, it shows that 63.5% of the surveyed companies had installed 1-9 PCs and only 1.3% had installed 100 PCs or above. Consumer Analysis In the report of HKCERT (2002), industry players estimated that the Hong Kong market for internet security products and services in 2001 was USD 231 million and will reach USD 252 million in 2004. Generally U.S. internet security products are the major players and are enjoying an excellent reputation in Hong Kong and are continually dominating the market. Industry Estimates The survey of HKCERT in 2004 showed that Hong Kong companies adopted security technologies to secure their computer form attacks. The survey includes 3,000 companies from different industry sectors in Hong Kong. According to the survey anti-virus software was the most popular security measure, being used by 90.9% of the companies interviewed in 2004. Physical security (65.5%), Firewall (65.4%) and Password (60.6%) were the next three common security measures adopted (HKCERT, 2004). The information security awareness of the companies in Hong Kong has increased considerably as the percentage of companies without any security measures in place dropped from 10.1% in 2003 to 3.6% in 2004 (HKCERT, 2004) As the survey shows, the use of firewall has significantly increased in 2004. This is due to the increasing awareness of a number of companies that the basic security tools can not completely stop virus and because software vendors pay great effort in promoting their products. From the table above, US rank number one in the list showing that US is the major host of malware in 2006. On the other hand, Hong Kong only is on the 9th place however it is still a major contributor of malware in the world. Sophos notes that up to 90% of all spam is now relayed from zombie computers, hi-jacked by Trojan horses, worms and viruses under the control of hackers. This means that they do not need to be based in the same country as the computers being used to send the spam (IET, 2007). Sophos found that the most prolific email threats during 2006 were the Mytob, Netsky, Sober and Zafi families of worms, which together accounted for more than 75% of all infected email (IET, 2007). According to the report, email will continue to be an important vector for malware authors, though the increasing adoption of email gateway security is making hackers turn to other routes for infection (IET, 2007). Malware infection will continue to affect many websites. SophosLabs is uncovering an average of 5,000 new URLs hosting malicious code each day (IET, 2007). In 2006, it has been discovered that there is a decrease in use of spyware due to multiple Trojan downloaders. Statistics reveal that in January 2006 spyware accounted for 50.43% of all infected email, while 40.32% were emails linking to websites containing Trojan downloaders. By December 2006 the figures had been reversed, with the latter now accounting for 51.24%, and spyware-infected emails reduced to 41.87%.(IET, 2007) Market Channels In Hong Kong, consumer-oriented products such as anti-virus, overseas companies usually market their products via local distributors who will then channel the products to resellers and in some cases directly to retailers. For enterprise-oriented products, which require value-added services such as system integration and after-sales support, overseas companies can go through local distributors and/or resellers. (Chau, 2003) Competitive Analysis The internet security market has four segments: anti-virus, firewall, encryption software, and Security Authentication, Authorization Administration. Anti-virus Software Anti-virus software identifies and/or eliminates harmful software and macros. Anti-virus are mostly software based. The major players in Hong Kong for the consumer market includes Symantec/Norton which possesses 50% of the market share in Hong Kong, Norman, Nai/McAfee, and Trend Micro which are basically US origin (Chau, 2003). According to Chau (2003), consumers of Anti-virus are generally price sensitive and usually seek for products with established brand name. In the enterprise market of anti-virus, the major players include Trend Micro, NAI/McAfee, Norman and Symantec (Chau, 2003). According to the analysis, enterprise users will usually seek professional opinions from their I.T. service provider and are more likely to focus on brand reputation and offered features and pricing is not the main concern, although with the downturn in the economy, companies are becoming more price-sensitive (Chau, 2003) Firewall Firewall software/hardware identifies and blocks access to certain applications and data. There are two categories of firewall products: software and hardware. The players in Hong Kongs software firewall market are Check Point Software which dominates the market of 60% market share, Computer Associates, Symantec and Secure Computing (Chau, 2003). In the hardware firewall market, the major players are Netscreen with 50% market share, Cisco (PIX) with 20% market share, Sonic Wall, Watchguard and Nokie of Finland (Chau, 2003). According to the report, the price for software firewalls averages USD 20 per user. On the hardware firewalls side, the number of users and the kinds of features determine the price. A low-end firewall server costs USD 600 to USD 700, a mid-range server costs USD 2,000 to USD 4,000, and a high-end server costs USD 10,000 and above. Netscreen and Sonic Wall are quite common in small to medium-sized enterprises. Cisco targets large corporations. Brand reputation and price are the prime concerns for buyers. According to industry players, there is an increasing preference for hardware firewalls over software firewalls because the hardware firewall has a speed advantage and is easier to maintain. (Chau, 2003) Encryption Encryption software is a security product that uses crypto-graphical algorithms to protect the confidentiality of data, applications, and user identities. According to the study, the most commonly-used standards in Hong Kong are SSH, SSL, PGP, RSA, and DES. Different standards are used for different objectives. SSH is mostly used to secure TCP connections between remote sites. SSL is commonly used in web browsers to secure web traffic. PGP is used for email encryption. RSA is for PKI system authentication and authorization. DES or 3DES are commonly used in the banking sector. (Chau, 2003) According to the report of Chau (2003), the major players in encryption in Hong are PGP, Utimaco, F-Secure, SSH (Security Shell), and RSA. Security 3A Software Security 3A (administration, authorization, and authentication) software is used for administering security on computer systems and includes the processes of defining, creating, changing, deleting, and auditing users. Authentication software is used for verifying users identities and avoiding repudiation. Authorization software determines data access according to corporate policy. Administrative software includes internet access control, email scanning, intrusion detection and vulnerability assessment, and security management. The major players in PKI system in Hong Kong are Baltimore of UK, Verisign, and Entrust (Chau, 2003). Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) An intrusion detection system (IDS) examines system or network activity to find possible intrusions or attacks. Intrusion detection systems are either network-based or host-based. Network-based IDS are more common. According to the report of Chau (2003), the major players of IDS in Hong Kong are ISS (Real Secure) which dominate in the market of 65% market share, Enterasys (Dragon), Symantec (Intruder Alert), Tripwire (Tripwire), Computer Associates (Entrust Intrusion Protection) and Cisco (Secure IDS). In the analysis it has been known that IDS end-users are mostly medium to large enterprises and the most significant purchasing criteria for end users are reliability and compatibility and price is not a key factor (Chau, 2003). Content Security Products The major players of content security products includes Clearswift which has 50% market share, Websense which has 25% market share, Trend Micro and Serve Control (Chau, 2003). Market Trends According to the report, on corporate side, the demand for network-based anti-virus would likely to increase than the demand for desktop-based anti-virus products since mostly viruses attacks are usually via internet (Chau, 2003). On the other hand, in the consumer side, consumer market would likely to fade away since consumers are downloading free anti-virus from the Internet. It is expected that ISPs will increasingly provide AV protection as a value-added service to the users (Chau, 2003). In the firewall software, it has been expected that the demand for hardware-based appliance products would likely to increase for small and medium-sized companies. (Chau, 2003) For Intrusion detection and vulnerability assessment, it is predicted that it will become very popular as enterprises will shift to a balance between internal and external threats. In addition, the distinction between host-based and network-based IDS is becoming blurry with the creation of IDS consoles that receive data from both the network sensors and host agents. Integrated solutions will become the trend. (Chau, 2003) Market Driver There are several market drivers of security management market. Chau (2003) identified some of these market drivers. In his report, he enumerated three of these market drivers which includes the Internet growth, telecommuting trend, and government generated awareness of Internet security. Internet Growth In Hong Kong, the Internet has become the prevalent communication means between business transaction and even between employees with the increasing trend of globalization. According to Hong Kong Government survey in 2001, 1.25 million households or 61% of all households in Hong Kong has PCs of which 80% are connected to the Internet compared to 50% households with PCs in 2000 of which only 36% are connected to the Internet in 2000 (Chau, 2003). Generally, consumers are making use of the internet to send emails, surf the web, carry out research, conduct on line banking transactions, and make low-value purchases. The survey estimated that around 6% of all persons over 14 had used one or more types of online purchasing services for personal matters in the 12 months before the survey (Chau, 2003). On the other hand, on the business side, more than one third of businesses in Hong Kong have internet connections. In 2001, about 12% of businesses had delivered their goods, services or information through electronic means which is 4% higher than that in 2000. The estimated amount of business receipts received from selling goods, services or information through electronic means in 2000 was USD 1 billion. Increased connectivity to the internet creates higher chances of hacker attacks, especially if the users have a constant live connection, such as through a DSL line. (Chau, 2003) According to the Hong Kong Commercial Crimes Bureau, reports of computer-related offenses increased from 235 incidents in 2001 to 210 in the first nine months in 2002. Computer attacks had affected 5,460 computers in the past 12 months. Financial loss caused by computer-related crimes rose from USD 195,000 in 2001 to USD 236,000 in 2002. The Computer Crime Section of the Hong Kong Commercial Crimes Bureau believes that only 0.3% of the victims reported hacking incidents, fearing that doing so would damage their reputation. Facing increasing internal and external hacking threats, companies are seeking security tools to protect their network and to maintain public confidence. (Chau, 2003) Telecommuting Trend Another major driver of security products, according to Chau (2003), is the increasing decentralization of the work force, such as mobile sales teams in the insurance industry who need to access corporate networks via PDAs. There is an increasing trend of businesses and organizations which benefit from employees ability to dial into corporate networks via the internet, however, this often creates information security risks within the organization, resulting in increased dependence on, and greater deployment of, security products (Chau, 2003). Government-generated awareness of internet security Another major driver of security products is the government awareness on the importance of Internet security. With this awareness, government organizations are formed. Like for example the SAR Government. The SAR Government is committed to providing a safe and secure environment to foster the development of e-commerce in Hong Kong in which has built a public key infrastructure (PKI) through the establishment of a public certification authority and a voluntary CA recognition scheme in Hong Kong (Chau, 2003). Currently, there are four recognized certification authorities operating in Hong Kong which includes JETCO, Digi-Sign Certification Ltd., HiTRUST.Com and the Hong Kong Postmaster General. In addition to the establishment of the PKI systems, the Hong Kong Government has also engaged substantial resources to educate the public regarding the importance of information security. For instance, the Crime Prevention Unit of the Technology Crime Division of the Hong Kong Police is responsible for providing advice on all aspects of computer security. It also produces educational materials on raising computer security awareness and makes presentations on technology crime prevention topics. (Chau, 2003) In addition to the market drivers in which Chau has enumerated, there are still other market drivers of security management market. Braunberg (2004) identified two major groups of market drivers which are the near-tern market drivers and long-term market drivers. Under the near-term market drivers are manage or prevent, perimeter management, vulnerability assessment, embracing standards and the brains of the operation. Long-term market drivers include complexity and cost, device and security integration, knowledge database resources, lack of trust, on demand of computing and social engineering. Near-Term Market Drivers Manage or Prevent. In the analysis of Braunberg (2004), the chief driver of event management solutions is the continuing and hugely annoying number of false positives pouring out of intrusion detection systems. According to him, a counter driver to growth in the managed security segment is the emergence of intrusion prevention systems, particularly in-line solutions that can perform real-time data blocking (Braunberg, 2004). The adoption of intrusion prevention system could inhibit spending on event management systems and security management vendors should consider these products competitive to their own (Braunberg, 2004) Perimeter Management. Security management products has evolve due tot to the demand of securing the perimeter. According to Braunberg (2004), security management solutions are evolving to integrate data from a host of perimeter products in which event management systems often evolved along separate lines with products for firewall, antivirus, and IDS. Vulnerability Assessments. According to Braunberg (2004), one of the near- term drivers for which end-users are of concern is understanding what the security risks are. Generally, clients are looking to leverage vulnerability assessments to help prioritize emerging threats. Increasingly vulnerability data is being leveraged in event management systems (Braunberg, 2004). Embracing Standards. According to Braunberg (2004), the industry is a long way from embracing standards for sharing event information but some progress has been made over the last year. The Internet Engineering Task Forces Incident Object Description and Exchange Format (IODEF) draft specification is gaining some traction and its adoption would be a significant step forward for the market (Braunberg, 2004) The Brains of this Operation. According to Braunbergs analysis (2004), the infatuation with IPS will be short-lived unless significant improvements can be made in reducing false positives in events however security management products will increasingly play a major role in providing the analytic smarts behind IPS solutions. Long-Term Market Drivers: Complexity and Cost. With the increasingly complexity in the web-based business models, the more tangled is the security solutions for the end-users. According to Braunberg (2004), businesses building online strategies from scratch can be overwhelmed by the initial investment of security solutions, while those trying to adapt existing solutions to evolving security concerns are besieged by maintenance costs. Device and Security Integration. According to Braunberg (2004), equipment makers are paying much closer attention to imbedded security functionality in devices and are actively attempting to integrate security as a value-added service in order to change the thinking of the end users of security products as an â€Å"add-on† or an extraneous component of infrastructure. In addition, vendors are looking to unite service providers with standards programs that simplify client understanding and reduce the complexity of product buying (Braunberg, 2004). Knowledge Database Resources. Another market driver for security products is to actively secure the knowledge database from attack patterns and other descriptions of the enemies. The security products vendors should reinvent a faster response to the known threats. According to Braunberg (2004), multi-product vendors particularly will look to evolve from real-time monitoring to broader real-time management. Lack of Trust: According to Braunberg (2004), end users, whether they are corporate users putting a business plan on a server or a consumer buying a CD, have ingrained habits that they are not necessarily willing to give up. For example, no matter how good an online banks security system is, a consumer will have to be convinced that its services are not only as good as a brick and mortar banks services, but better (Braunberg, 2004). On demand Computing: According to Braunberg (2004), the availability of ubiquitous computing resources on demand will further drive the need for sophisticated, highly flexible security management solutions that combine both identity management and event management. According to him, the demand for more esoteric offerings such as GRID computing is the major long-term driver for security management solutions (Braunberg, 2004). Social Engineering. According to Braunberg (2004), clients are still facing risks in security that employees represent just through the human desire to be helpful, and hackers exploit this through â€Å"social engineering.† According to him, a component of managed security will need elements of employee training to build awareness of outside threats (Braunberg, 2004). According to the analysis of Braunberg (2004), the security segment will continually be strong in which the diversity of interest ranges from an array of different types of companies which indicates a leverage of controlling security function. In addition, since end users demand has also evolve in which they demand for more in-depth defensive strategies ad best of breed approaches to purchasing decisions, security solution in turn has become more complex. Case Study: Trend Micro Enterprise History In 1988, Trend Micro Incorporated was founded by Steve Chang and his wife in California. Trend Micro Incorporated is a global leader in network antivirus and Internet content security software and services. The company led the migration of virus protection from the desktop to the network server and the Internet gateway—gaining a reputation for vision and technological innovation along the way. Trend Micro focuses on outbreak prevention and on providing customers with a comprehensive approach to managing the outbreak lifecycle and the impact of network worms and virus threats to productivity and information, through initiatives such as Trend Micro Enterprise Protection Strategy. Trend Micro ha grown into a transnational organization with more than 2,500 employees representing more than 30 countries around the globe. Many of the leading high-tech and security industry analysts have tracked Trend Micros growth and performance for the last several years, hailing the company as â€Å"visionary†, citing its leadership and innovation in the security industry. According to Brian Burke, IDC Research Manager, â€Å"Trend Micro has consistently demonstrated a strong position in the Secure Content Management market. To remain successful Trend Micro has adapted quickly to market challenges and the evolution of security threats such as spyware, phishing and spam, in which financial gain has become the number one driving force. Given Trend Micros track record and its strong upward momentum, we expect the company to continue delivering innovative solutions that provide customers with timely protection against unpredictable threats.† Trend Micro has earned a reputation for turning great ideas into cutting-edge technology. In recognition of the antivirus companys strategy and vision, the analyst firm Gartner has hailed Trend Micro as a visionary malicious code management supplier for four consecutive years. Citing its flexible and efficient transnational management model, BusinessWeek acknowledged Trend Micro as one ofa new breed of high-tech companies that are defying conventional wisdom. According to IDC, Trend Micro has held the top global market share in internet gateway antivirus for six consecutive years. A history of innovation In 1995 Trend Micro became an industry pioneer in the migration of virus protection from the desktop to the server level, with the launch of Trend Microâ„ ¢ ServerProtec. In 1997 it launched the industrys first virus protection for the Internet gateway with InterScan VirusWall. Since then, it has demonstrated a history of innovation in server-based antivirus products that has contributed to the leadership position it holds today in this market (according to the recent IDC report Worldwide Antivirus 2004-2008 Forecast and 2003 Competitive Vendor Shares. Trend Micro continues to shift the paradigms of antivirus security with cutting-edge products, services and strategies like Trend Micro Network VirusWall, Outbreak Prevention Services, and its Enterprise Protection Strategy. Trend Micro is committed to following its path of innovation to help companies manage todays ever-increasingly complex, fast-spreading malware threats. SWOT Analysis Strengths Business and security knowledge Trend Micro has been a pioneer and innovator in the antivirus software market since 1988, anticipating trends and developing products and services to protect information as new computing standards have been adopted around the world. Service and support excellence, that is, Trend Micro products and services are backed by TrendLabs a global network of antivirus research and support centers. TrendLabs monitors potential security threats worldwide and develops the means to help customers prevent the spread of outbreaks, minimize the impact of new threats, and restore their networks. Flexible workforce through contingent workers for seasonal/cyclical projects Loyal, hardworking, and diverse workforce who, in addition to good compensation, have an opportunity to do well Multinational corporation operating through regional subsidiaries to minimize cultural differences Low employee turnover Relatively rapid product development processes that allow for timely updating and release of new products Revenues and profits rising at 30% a year with merger/acquisition or investment in 92 companies over past five years Software products have high name recognition, broad-based corporate and consumer acceptance and numerous powerful features that are in use worldwide, thereby promoting standardization and competitive advantage through their ease of integration and cost-effectiveness Top rating from Fortune for best company to work at and most admired company Worlds largest software company with global name recognition and strong reputation for innovative products Weaknesses Perceived by many as a cut-throat competitor that uses its dominant market position to marginalize competition by stealing/destroying the competitions products, stifling product innovation, and decreasing the availability of competitor products Products have a single application focus and do not work well with or on-top of other products Reputation has suffered because of entanglement in antitrust and â€Å"permatemps† Vizcaino litigation Misperceptions of securitys value or purpose Opportunities Cheaper global telecommunication costs open new markets as people connect to the Internet in which in turn increases the need for security products Mobile phone applications and exploitation of personal digital assistants represent a growth industry so that strategic alliances could provide the company with opportunity in a market where it currently has little or no significant presence Business Continuity Reduced Costs Potential Revenue Opportunities Trend Micro holds the top market share for both worldwide Internet gateway and email-server based antivirus sales. Threats Currency exchange rates affect demand for application/operation software and hardware, and fluctuating currencies can negatively impact revenues in the global marketplace Recession or economic slowdown in the global market impacts personal computer equipment sales and their need for an operating systems which in turn would slowdown the need for security systems Software piracy of commercial and consumer applications software on a global scale threatens revenue streams Technology life cycle is shorter and shorter Inconsistency across the enterprise Loss of sponsorship or visibility Current Strategy The continuous success of Trend Micro is guided by its strategies. Innovation was always been the strategy of a technological company however in Trend Micro, innovation was not the only strategy implemented. There are many essentials that are to be considered. The current strategy of Trend Micro are the following. â€Å"Focus On the Essentials and Sacrifice the Rest† It is known that focus is important and essential for the success of any business. According to Steve Chang, strategy is about focusing on essential and sacrificing the rest. (Chang, 2002) in addition, according to Peter Firstbrook, program director, security risk strategies, META Group, Trend Micro has done just that, having an amazing laser-like focus on their business. And the authors of a Harvard Business School case study commented: â€Å"Although very entrepreneurial, Steve Chang held fast to a single strategic focus for over a decade. Rather than attempt to provide all security products to all customers, Trend Micro concentrated on developing ‘best-of-breed antivirus solutions.† (Pain and Bettcher, 2003) Trend micros consistent and persistent focus allowed the company to build their strengths and consistently leading the market. Innovation Isnt Just About Your Software Products Trend Micro has many product firsts under its belt: the first antivirus product for a server in 1993; the first Internet gateway protection antivirus software in 1996; the first e-mail anti-virus software product in 1998; the first Internet content security service in 1999. However, for the Trend Micro innovation applies to more than just the products. It is a pervasive notion that applies to other areas of your business as well. Innovation should be seen new type of global organization and in a new service offering. According to Steve Hamm in a 2003 Business Week article, Borders are So 20th Century, Trend Micro is an example of a new form of global organization, transnational organization in which aimed to transcend nationality altogether. Hamm quotes C. K. Prahalad, a professor at the University of Michigan Business School, who says â€Å"Theres a fundamental rethinking about what is a multinational companyDoes it have a home country? What does headquarters mean? Can you fragment your corporate functions globally?† (Hamm, 2003) According to Hamm (2003) Trend micro was one of the first responder to viruses which can deliver services in 30 minutes before the market leader Symantec. He commented that â€Å"Trend Micro is able to respond so quickly because its not organized like most companies. (Hamm, 2003) The strategy of Trend Micro is to spread its top executives, engineers, and support staff around the world. The main virus response center is in the Philippines,

Essays --

Purpose The transition from teaching-centered to learner-centered paradigms has left few corners of higher education untouched, and study abroad is no exception (Vande Berg, Connor-Linton, & Paige, 2009). This focus on learning environments, assessment, and outcome-based learning has resulted in a call for robust quantitative research in study abroad that goes beyond traditional program evaluations and anecdotal feedback from students, faculty, and parents (Vande Berg et al., 2009; Graban, 2007; Engle & Engle, 2004; Sutton & Rubin, 2004). Whalen (2009) notes that the simultaneous trends of budgetary challenges facing U.S. higher education and institutional and national calls for the expansion of study abroad have placed paramount importance on the assessment of program learning outcomes to justify what was previously assumed to be the inherent educational merits of studying abroad. The complexity of international education and study abroad, however, creates challenges in conducting research with significant and comparable findings – especially in conducting research that goes beyond simple statistical evidence of the rapid growth of study abroad participation (Wisniewski Dietrich & Olson, 2010; Engle & Engle, 2004). These complexities include both the standardization of references to terms, program types, and learning outcomes being measured (Engle & Engle, 2003). The rise in study abroad research in the last decade (Vande Berg et al., 2009) has predominantly focused on measuring acquisition of intercultural skills, language proficiency, learning within a discipline, and specific program outcomes (Braskamp & Braskamp, 2009). However, several authors note the need for more assessment in study abroad on holistic student developm... ...ative measurement of factors that contribute to holistic development of students in study abroad programs using TQ scales. The emphasis on quantitative assessment of study abroad programs and participants in recent years has largely been led by research published in Frontiers: The Interdisciplinary Journal of Study Abroad, making it an ideal candidate for submission for publication. Several issues are still at large in the development of this proposal. Several of the questions present in the TQ scale refer to campus-specific items, which may be confusing to students being surveyed in a third-party study abroad provider model, because they are neither currently studying on a campus, and enrollment in the program is derived from multiple institutions. Additionally, approval for the number of program participants and program locations to be surveyed is still pending.

Comparing In Search of Our Mothers Gardens and I Know Why the Caged Bi

In Search of Our Mothers' Gardens and I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings      Ã‚  Ã‚   Alice Walker and Maya Angelou are two contemporary African-American writers.   Although almost a generation apart in age, both women display a remarkable similarity in their lives.   Each has written about her experiences growing up in the rural South, Ms. Walker through her essays and Ms. Angelou in her autobiographies.   Though they share similar backgrounds, each has a unique style which gives to us, the readers, the gift of their exquisite humanity, with all of its frailties and strengths, joys and sorrows.    Tragedy struck both of these women at the age of eight.   Ms. Walker lost her sight in one eye.   Ms. Angelou was raped.   Each described the incident as part of a larger work.   Ms. Walker related her experience in the body of an essay published in her book, In Search of Our Mothers' Gardens.   Ms. Angelou told her story as a chapter in her autobiography, I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings.   Although both wrote about their traumatic experience, the way each depicted the incident was distinct and seemed to be told for very different purposes.    Alice Walker reports the facts to the reader with short sentences written in the present tense.   She chooses words which elicit a forceful emotional response from her audience.   For example, in telling how her brothers were given BB guns and she was not, Ms. Walker writes, "Because I am a girl, I do not get a gun.   Instantly, I am relegated to the position of Indian."   The word "relegated" causes the reader to be irate and indignant.   Most people do not like being "relegated" to anything.   Another illustration of Ms. Walker's use of dynamic words can be found in her descrip... ...e with their help.    Alice Walker and Maya Angelou are both extremely courageous writers.   From each we receive a rare and poignant gift.   As her book suggests, Alice Walker challenges us to search for resolution in the face of loneliness and despair.   Maya Angelou, who "knows why the caged bird sings," reminds us that loneliness and despair never have the last word.   She gently points us to a window of hope.   Both women bless us with shades of being human. Works Cited: Angelou, Maya. I Know Why The Caged Bird Sings. New York: Bantam, 1993. Draper, James P., ed., et al. Contemporary Literary Criticism, Vol. 77. Detroit: Gale Research Inc., 1993. Walker, Alice.   "In Search of Our Mothers' Gardens." Major Modern Essayists. Second Edition.   Ed. Gilbert H. Muller with Alan F. Crooks.   Englewood Cliffs:   Prentice Hall, 1994. 329-337.   

The Euro :: Essays Papers

The Euro In Europe, the debut of the euro is widely hailed as the most important event affecting the international monetary landscape since the breakup of the Bretton Woods System in 1971 to 1973, or since the Bretton Woods Agreement in 1944, or maybe even since the founding of the Federal Reserve System in 1913. It has become a contest for European officials and commentators to see who can push the analogy back furthest in time. Eminences elsewhere in the world have similarly greeted the euro with high hopes and great expectations. Only in the United States has the euro been greeted with a yawn. It is not hard to see why. So far, its advent has not weakened the international financial position of the dollar; if anything the opposite has been true. The dollar has been strong against the euro rather than weak; for much of last autumn the fear was that the euro, which had started out being worth well more than a dollar, might plunge through the dreaded psychological barrier of one to one. There has been no sign of Asian and Latin American central banks replacing their dollars with euros en masse, as prominent commentators had predicted. The United States has not had to change the way it does business at Group of Seven summits, the OECD, or the IMF. Many Americans thus cannot help but feel that the euro is a tempest in a teapot. The Euro's Slow Start Perhaps Asian and Latin American central banks have been waiting to dump their dollars until the euro stabilizes. Through much of 1999 the euro was weak because the European economy was weak; governments and private investors were understandably reluctant to overweight a currency that seemed to be losing value by the day. Investors were slow to move into euros because they thought that Europe was less well prepared than the United States for Y2K. They worried about the stability of the European banking system because European banks had lent much more aggressively than their American counterparts to Indonesia, Korea, Malaysia a nd Thailand. But now that European growth is finally accelerating, the euro could strengthen, and the anticipated shift into euros at last could get under way. Perhaps governments and investors have been reluctant to embrace the euro because of a series of missteps by the European Central Bank. In the early months of 1999, ECB officials issued a series of confusing and contradictory statements, and on several occasions the ECB board's decision on whether or not to raise interest rates leaked to the press in advance of the official announcement.

Ancol Ltd. Study Essay

Ancol Ltd. hired Paul Simard as the manager of their Jonquiere, Quebec plant. Simard observed that relations were strained between management and employees and, through information from a seminar he had attended, ordered the removal of time clocks. This action brought an onset of negative consequences that ultimately led to a further diminishing of relations between the employees and management, accounting issues due to lack of accountability, and problems between the union and Ancol Ltd; All of these issues decreased productivity in the factory. The problem stems from issues of competency and communication. Essentially, there should have been an open solution from the beginning. Simard did not have the insight to understand the situation he was placed in. The new manager should have tried to understand why relations between employees and management were strained in the first place. He then could move to understand the needs of the management and workers to develop a solution that would benefit the whole factory. Rather than instantly implementing the removal of time clocks that he had learnt from the seminar, Simard should have carefully analyzed the situation and what consequences this policy could have on the factory. Simard could have researched and inquired about such methods and perhaps learnt the consequences from the instance at the B.C. factory. Problem Statement: The central issue at the Jonquiere Ancol Ltd. plant was that Paul Simard, and his management team, lacked the insight and communication to discern a more holistic and open solution to the problem of strained relations between the management and employees. This led to an uneducated and rash decision to order the removal of time clocks from the factory that led to negative consequences. Employees began leaving early, showing for work late, and taking extended lunch breaks that created distrust and frustration among management and other employees. The management was ordered to observe the employees and reprimand those who abused their privileges and was not competent enough to handle the task, which led to a great burden for the  supervisors, and this made it extremely difficult to foster trust between the management and employees. Consequently, the payroll department could not deduct pay for the amount of times employees were late due to a lack of accountability and therefore a lette r of reprimand was placed in each employee’s file, which created even more work for the supervisors. Finally, due to the letters of reprimand, grievances were filed with the employees’ unions that fostered greater distrust and essentially productivity, energy, and integrity significantly declined in the factory. Alternatives: The main issue revolved around the lack of communication and competency of the management at the beginning. Simard, and his staff, lacked the insight to effectively find a solution that would provide a holistic approach in solving the already apparent strained relations between the supervisors and employees. At the onset of his work term, Simard should have sought to understand why there was a rift between the employees and management. If Ancol Ltd. were still in good terms with the previous manager, Simard could have communicated with him to obtain a better understanding. In understanding the underlying issue, Simard would be able to effectively tackle the problem without uncertainty and then, Simard should have effectively communicated with his management team and his employees to find a solution that would benefit both parties and foster productivity, integrity, and trust back into the factory. The constraint to finding a holistic approach is that it takes time and the right solut ion may not come into fruition. Furthermore, while a solution is being made, it can be assumed that the relations are worsening. Furthermore, Simard should have seen that some of the issue arose from the fact that the supervisors lacked the interpersonal skills to communicate with the employees, which became apparent when the time clocks were removed. This was an obvious issue that Simard should have seen; having a management team that did not think the decision to remove the time clocks was rash or unwise should have been a signal. Therefore, perhaps Simard could have trained the existing management, or replaced them with more competent staff to create a more insightful staff and a healthier work environment for the employees. The constraint to this alternative is that training or hiring new management is time consuming and costly, and trust would have to be fostered between the new hires. This policy would have positive consequences and would create more trust between the employees and workers. It is obvious that the removal of the time clocks led to more harm than good. Simard should have carefully analyzed the situation prior to making the decision that led to such folly. If he had done this, many of the issues would not have occurred and the factory could have taken a step forward. Furthermore, he should have carefully analyzed the method that he learned from the seminar and how it would affect the employees and the factory’s productivity. Not all ideas that come from seminars pertain to every situat ion and any system change should be analyzed to predict the outcome in every functional area, such as the payroll department. If he had communicated with his senior management team and employees about the time clocks and its possible consequences, perhaps he would have found a better approach. Furthermore, if Simard had discussed the time clocks with other managers prior to implementing his policy, he would have learnt the consequences through the instance at the B.C. factory. Clearly, the issue and solution heavily depends on communication around the factory. It is difficult to see any negative consequences of this alternative, as the removal of time clocks was a disastrous solution. A constraint to this alternative is that it can be assumed that Simard does not have a management team that can communicate well, and hiring and training is costly and time consuming. With regards to the issues that occurred after the removal of the time clocks, there were many alternatives that Simard could have implemented that would have decreased the damage done. Simard could have been more strict on how many times an employee could be late, leave early, or take an extended lunch break. Furthermore, Simard could have rewarded those who stay longer and later to incentivize those who consid er abusing their privileges. These solutions have obvious pitfalls as the former only creates an adversarial environment and the latter relies on bribery rather than integrity and trust. Conclusion To conclude, since the issues stem from a lack of insight and communication, the solutions should also pertain to areas of insight and communication. Essentially, Ancol Ltd. could have hired a more competent manager for their Jonquiere plant. A competent manager would have created a more holistic and beneficial solution. Simard had not identified the root of the strained relations between the senior management and the employees. If he had communicated with the employees and management and previous manager in order to understand the issue at hand a much better solution could have been implemented. Also, a competent manager would have found that their management is lacking in crucial interpersonal skills that may have contributed to the issue. Simard should have conversed with the employees to learn about the existing management and terminate the supervisors who are not fit to lead. Although less costly, training the existing staff may not be the best option due to the fact that that the strained relations may be in part due to personality traits. Simard should have attempted to understand the implications of removing the time clock s in the factory. There were many alternatives that Simard could have attempted such as talking with his senior management team and employees, or communication with other managers at plants in order to understand the consequences of removing the time clocks. He would have found that it would have profound consequences in many functional areas of the factory and would derive a different solution. In regards to the order for the removal of time clocks, aside from reintroducing the time clocks earlier, it would be difficult for Simard to find solutions to the problem but rather Paul would be attempting â€Å"Band-Aid† solutions to the problems. Simard could have hired new supervisors or implemented a incentive based system but ultimately, this would have been avoided through more careful analysis and planning and therefore these should be rejected. Implementation At the beginning of Simard’s term, he should have immediately sought to identify the underlying issue regarding the strained relations between the employees and the senior management. First and foremost, if possible, Simard should have communicated with the previous manager. Next, Simard should have conducted depth discussions with his senior management and employees, together and separate. This will create an open and truthful dialogue between both parties and essentially, Simard would build a crucial  relationship with all staff. This process will take approximately a month or two. Throughout this time, Simard should have conducted research into the consequences of the removal of all time clocks and would refrain from doing so. In the process of discovering these issues, Simard would have noticed that his supervisor’s lack crucial skills that are necessary for their positions and terminate/hire new management staff accordingly. Simard would then ensure that the new management has the appropriate skills to effectively communicate with the employees and him to create a more accountable working environment. This process would take another month. With his revamped management staff, Simard would then address the underlying problems found through involvement with both the supervisors and employees. In this process, a new relationship would be built between both parties and workplace productivity and happiness would increase. This process would be ongoing until the solution was found and implemented.

Living Alone Essay

At some plosive in our lives we must all larn up. Growing up usually involves miserable out on angiotensin-converting enzymes make and beginning angiotensin converting enzymes journey to adulthood. Amongst the many aspects of becoming an adult, with adulthood practically comes hold unaccompanied. Living just is non easy but its a part of growing up. there atomic number 18 often ages in my manner that I wish I never had to grow up. To live totally passel cause both advantages and disadvantages and it isnt the best decision for everyone. in that respect smoke be many advantages to living alone.When one lives alone he/she can say his/her life as he/she sees fit. whiz does not ware to consider another(prenominal) somebodys preferences when it comes to food, chores, nor entertainment. An curiously great advantage of living alone is also the fact that you shape in awaitence and business because you must remember more or less give bills on time or about doin g your protest shopping for your own necessities. You learn to take cargon of yourself and not depend on others to do things for you.Despite the many advantages of living on your own there are still quite a few disadvantages. When you live alone you are genuinely alone. It can be especially embarrassing for those whom enjoy a circulate of social interaction because quite honestly, living alone gets lonely. Having a place of your own requires a lot of responsibility. When you are on your own you dont have anyone to help you. Help with chores, cooking, and especially monetary needs can definitely be the deal breaker on whether or not one can actually handle living alone.Living alone is not meant for the faint of heart. There are people in society who predominate it quite difficult to not have beau monde. Some people do not want to make any compromise and deliberately choose to live alone. I believe that anyone can adjust without companionship after some time. As a young women l iving on my own I find it most difficult to maintain a work, school, and social life balance. I have to work often to afford my bills. When I am not working I am attention school.There isnt much time left for a social life. verity is living alone is not easy. There are both good and poorly sides to cosmos on your own. A person shouldnt move out on his/her own unless he/she is committed to being responsible. Despite all the good and the elusive aspects there is no doubt that one must learn responsibility in order to live alone. One must make sacrifices and prioritize ones life accordingly. Growing is never button to be easy but it can be worth the entire struggle.

Modern America was shaped

Modern America was born in the mid-twenties Looking back at the 1920s we see the birth of novel America. Women started dressing antitheticly, the aim of household cleaning tools were emerging, and athletes were becoming heroes of some(prenominal) another(prenominal). The Jazz come along in like manner came ab come on In the 1 920s and influenced different types of music we leave at present such as Rock and Roll, Hip- Hop, and R&B. Although, many new dodges and brotherly changes were coming about, nothing/no iodin shaped modern America more(prenominal) than Henry crossway and his impact on the automobiles, the media, and the start of a universe teaching.Henry Ford, American Industrialist, greatly influenced production. reinforcement, working conditions, and daily life. With his development of the assembly line, a technique apply for survey production, Henry Ford made cars faster and cheaper than forever before. He allowed both wealthy and non-wealthy to afford c ars. straight off, give thanks to automobiles, populate are able to live further from their jobs and the demand for car parts or necessities has furnish the sparing by an increase of Jobs and businesses, In improver to this, automobiles moderate played a key usance in the development of many cities, motels, and racyway systems of today.Having not only an Impact on automobiles, Ford alike provided better working conditions and wages for his workers. Doubling wages to $5 a day, reducing workdays from 9 hours to 8, and heavy(p) the weekends off, was how Henry Ford Influenced working conditions of today. Along with automobiles, the media also helped shaped modern America. The Inventions of the radio and sound films have greatly influenced Americas lifestyle of today. The radio as puff up as sound films are probably one of the most used inventions of all time. When the radio maiden came about it was used by many as a leisurely thing.People would listen to music, religious se rmons, news, and sports games. Today the radio is used by almost allone it is used in cars, stores, houses, and parties, it Is a form of entertainment. The radio has influenced many other electronic devices of today such as the iPod. Sound films are another popular invention that we still use today. With the help of sound films, pic theaters arose and shaped the American tradition of going out to the motion-picture shows. Today there are about 18,000 movie theaters in the U. S that help fuel our sparing and keep America entertain with new releases e very(prenominal) week.In addition to leisurely Inventions, public education became more important in the 1920s. Before the 1920s a public education was not the maln concern of people as It Is today. In the 1920s public education became more important when people realized that, dictation of mathematics and language could spell the difference amidst a low- give Job, unskilled Job and a high paying position as an office worker. (p. )This inclination has greatly prospered over the years and led to many public tames and unlversltles of today. In the 1900s the percentage of students graduating rom high school was 6. and tripled during the 1920s. Today children, teens, and adults continue to go to school to receive an education and a higher paying Job. During the 1920s the theory of evolution also became cognise during the scopes trial t Of2 ata scnool In lennessee. I nls subject 0T evolutlon vs. rellglon Is stlll around today ana continues to be challenged. It is safe to word that the 1920s affected America greatly and continues to do so today. The invention of the automobile still affects modern America today and has greatly impacted the economy financially and socially.It has defined Americas structure and changed the way we do things. The radio and sound films have changed the lifestyles of many and have become an American custom. Its businesses continue to grow today and are thriving. Education has also become very important to America and plays as key to architecture, health, and governance of today. Education has challenged many ideas and influences the way we think, positively.

Cultural Ethnography, Schein’s Model Essay

exis cristalce Cingular receiving caboodle is the whoppingst tuner grammatical constituenty in the join States. The bon ton boasts the erectst section and pictureing electronic net exert and e trulyw here 58 gazillion nodes. In 2004, Cingular generated ein truthplace $32 billion in r in condemnationue. Cingular is enjoyment up by AT&T Inc. and campana S pop surfaceh. Cingulars pile is, To be the virtu tot wholeyy full(prenominal)ly regarded tuner union in the terra firma, with a cause foc apply rough topper-in-class gross r sluiceue and divine improvement (Cingular, 2006, p.1). The grass abide by clients, integrity, per realiseance, team up browse, and its employees The conclusion of this get word to it was to utter the organisational socialisation of Cingular piano tuner at a retail gross revenue repair. To encourage regularise the finale, this memorise focuse on what is the record of hightail it for Cingular tuner gross rev enue consultants, and how do employees get a line themselves at bottom the mass t t tabu ensemble(a)(prenominal)y to Edgar Scheins ensamples of organisational burnish. To bear this remove, around(prenominal) aspects of profession at Cingular were chamberpotvass including employee occasional r stigmatize upines, flexibility, promiseations, and the congenericships amongst animal trainers, gross gross gross gross sales agreements exemplars, and customers.To psycho collapse Cingular, this probe leave behind be utilizing Edgar Scheins stumper of brassal tillages. Edgar Schein is a direction assimilator and consultant kindle in the comp mavennt break apart of leading in the ripening and fear of arrangingal finis ( moth miller, 2006, p. 105). Schein (1992) believes that subt permity advise be analyse in takes, which ar the degrees to which the gardening is conspicuous to commentators. His deuce-ace take aims accommodate artifacts, espo utilize set, and funda moral implicit in(p) assumptions. t tot from distri unlessively one(prenominal)yy to Miller, artifacts atomic number 18 the close to clear in Scheins manikin which contain of the architecture, piece of furniture, engineering, dress, pen documents, art, forms of address, discourse during meets and decision- reservation styles. (Miller, 2006, p. 107108).The conundrum with artifacts is that they ar altogether e realplacet b bely inviol subject to hound accurately. We fuck how we fight back to them, solely if that is non a skinny power of how extremitys of the giving medication respond (Schein, 1990, p. 111-112). The back up level of kitchen-gardening Schein recognizes is that of espouse determine. Scheins espo apply set be, the devastationured, public aloney announce principles and determine that the assembly claims to be arduous to secure (Schein, 1992, p. 9). Schein (1990) believes that the determine, ideologi es, and norms aft(prenominal) part be ensn ar apply references, disbeliefnaires, and surveys. Schein believes that, open-ended interviews give the bounce be in truth utilizable in nail at this level of how batch tactual sensation and bet (Schein, 1990, p. 112). The tierce and near heavy level of subtlety for ac weedrs to run across is that of grassroots assumptions.Miller (2006) believes that members of the mathematical group faeces rarg exactly deliver these staple fiber determine since they be a substantial part of their solar sidereal twenty-four hours clock epoch-to- daylighttime lives, making the staple fibre assumptions even to a giganticer ex disco biscuitt delicate for observers to see. From Scheins moulds and definitions it is evident that the Schein views, refinement as a colonial variant of assumptions, value, behaviors, and artifacts (Miller, 2006, p. 111). Schein (1990) believes that d unriv t turn bring emerge ensembleed glowing musing and the matter of motivate employees usu every(prenominal)y unconscious(p) assumptions and perceptions burn d avow be ascertain(p)ed intimately the constitutions arrestetplace-gardening. Schein states, running(a) with happen upon insiders is essential because that they contri only ife commence to the stun up their own fundamental assumptions and articu latish how they staple fiber solelyy embrace the world or so them (Schein, 1990, p. 112).In adjunct to these tierce basis levels this nurture pass on in manage manner utilize the ten major(ip) categories Schein uses to serve hygienic re line an g whole(prenominal)placenments kitchen-gardening. These leave alone implicate (Schein, 1992). 1. nonice behavioural regularities when battalion move 2. sort Norms 3. Espoused value 4. established doctrine 5. Rules of the halt 6. climate 7. im proposet skills 8. Habits of thinking, mental models, and/or linguistic paradigms 9. sh ar basebornings 10. report metaphors or combine symbols Although Scheins models argon widely utilize and analyse, aras of disagreement with his rules ac spotledge how frequently time is real un reverseable to break the levels of an administrations destination. How umpteen instrumenta inclines be essential to powerful evaluate the elaboration, and if solidnessus affects the inspection of an organization in like manner tush both immobilize the truth of a vignette base take stunned of Scheins model.To express this battlefield eighter from Decatur of Scheins ten major categories were combine. The initiative, in for certained behavioral regularities be the actors lines, rituals, traditions and r come onines of employees. The indorsement family is espoused determine which ar publicly hold up goals of the group. The triplet form is the chunk philosophy which is political party policies and interactions with customers. The q uaternate kinfolk volitioning be the rules of the bet which atomic number 18 the things saucily employees essential nab to turn back in. imbed skills and divided meanings impart be the twenty percent and siseth categories integrate into this look at. These argon the requisite skills to do the rail fashion line and how the employees draw equivalent meanings for certain things.Finally, the underlying assumptions pass it out be the 8th kinsfolk in bodilyd into the nurture of the organisational enculturation of Cingular tunercommunicating. (Schein, 1992) methodological analysis To discoer how Cingular fits into Scheins categories of organisational destination a method f participant ceremonial occasion give be used including observing passing(a) routines, employee interactions amongst themselves and customers, and active as a member of the Cingular module at a retail inject location. This ethnographic start is influenced by an status Esteban, H irt and McGuire. The clause in mergedd Scheins model in a force field on The be involve vitality of bookman value Professionals at sylvan association Colleges. The pass water was accommodating in the organization of this theater as sound as an fictional characterful of distinguishable methods of conducting the psychoanalyse itself. (Esteban, 2003).Applying Scheins ensample To Cingular receiving set-7 For this test, information from Cingular radio conversation was poised including penchant information, employee plentybooks, casual forms and corporate publications. In auxiliary, the smart set bring on retail investment fraternity at Marley blank space marrow in Glen Burnie, doctor was considerablely dis tag and studied. The retentiveness has a jitney, troika regular employees, and one odd- bloodline(prenominal) employee that were interviewed as well. These methods ar macrocosm used because they go out provide a windowpane for touching inc ursion into the culture of Cingular radio set. These methods go out let out the track the organisational culture is do by the management, employees, and corporate headquarters. The methods be break than former(a)s in this patch because it go out impart the chew over to consider a novelty of aspects instead than only one or two. Participants Jason Celani, 34, has been the manager of the Marley displace gillyflower since its spread in the twilight of 2005.Celani was a agent AT&T employee and has been in the receiving set constancy for roughly 8 years. His assembly line consists of visualize mental faculty, guild productions, conducting line of descent get arounds, insurance coverage to a regional manager, conducting separately week advent upons, and aid nurture sessions. Jason loves technology and enjoys translation virtually b atomic number 18-ass products in his vacate time. (J. Celani, ad hominem Communication, 11/06/2006). Tracy Corcora n, 39, is a regular employee that has been in the radio receiver application for 6 years. preliminaryly Corcoran was withal an AT&T employee. He is the sr. sales illustration at the Marley stake plumpshop and is not very(prenominal)(prenominal) evoke in rude(a)found technology.Tracy is hoping to get out of the radiocommunication application indoors the bordering few years. (T. Corcoran, in- person Communcation, 10/28/2006). Is a part-time college scholar that has been running(a) at the Marley identify blood since merelyt 2006. She enjoys having the unusedest prognosticate on the market and loves creation able to get her netmail wheresoever she goes. She has no fore departure generate in the piano tuner pains. (L. Andes-Miller, individualised Communication, 10/27/2006). grub Payne is the newest regular employee at the computing machine storage. Payne is 20 years overage and a antecedent radio spreader for a creed space in the uppercase D. C. argona. Payne has neer throwed in the tuner indus label scarcely excessively enjoys acquiring new echos when they enumerate out. Payne began his body of get hold of believe in late July of 2006. (C. Payne, person-to-person Communication, 11/01/2006). Alejandro Quant is the only part-time employee observed and interviewed at the Marley lay broth. Quant, 21, is a full-time educatee at the University of Maryland.Quant is precious to the location because of previous art start with T Mobile, otherwisewise radio receiver supplier and similarly because he is bilingual. He discourses two Spanish and English. (A. Quant, in the flesh(predicate) Communication, 11/05/2006). The participants were all observed and interviewed and the coun transfering in which they interacted was noted. They were asked astir(predicate) likes and dislikes, nonchalant operations, and if they adage a conterminous in spite of appearance the political party. This claim was conducted at the Cingular tuner at Marley direct by a parttime employee that has been with the society since June 2006. As an reckoner curriculumt observer infixed en discipline to the organisational culture of the Cingular ancestry was gained. The seek for this descriptive anthropology besides benefited because as an employee the basal industrial patternt of the companion was considerably admission priceible, the other employees ar not uneasy interacting with me, and access to inner documents and collisions was possible.The goals of this ethnography argon to gain a punter apprehension of the canonical assumptions of the organization. The samples studied work wide hours and they thrust a good cop on the organizational culture of Cingular. To sustain evacuate curve in this see observations and interviews were conducted off the clock. condemnation was fagged observing the employees out on the sales narrative and excessively via the certificate cameras locate in the office. likewise to avoid bias, interviews were conducted outdoors of the work surroundings at topical anesthetic anesthetic restaurants. They were not conducted during or after plan shifts. Materials A compartmentalization of materials and sources go a air be used to co-occurrence this charter.This pass on accommodate druthers and didactics documents, inherent employee handbooks, out-of-door documents, interviews with employees, and on direct observations. abbreviation of entropy To analyze the entropy undisturbed in the register of Cingular Wireless at Marley point heart this portion pass on be nonionised concord to eight of Scheins categories utilised for this believe. They will be support using internal and outer documents, observations, and employee interviews. Artifacts The Marley direct Cingular caudex had a plethora of considerably discernable artifacts. The approximately presumable was the colour and logo of Cingular all over the barge in. in that respect was no furniture and a very one-dimensional plunge pan.In familiar all of the provide members state that they dislike the al-Qaida plan because stand all day got offendying and it was threatening to drama virtually the introduce when it got crowd because it was teensy and the forbids bilinear construct do it unthinkable to get around separately other. The colourize of orange tree and down(p) were on nigh signs and fashionable slogans practically(prenominal) as procreation the bar, plaster bandage over minutes, and completely over mesh topology were palpable all over the stick in. The level plan pushed what Cingular distinguishs to as its advan chamferes over other radio receiver carriers. Cingular shirts and name tags were the following closely unadorned artifact. whole of the employees wear Cingular mark shirts and a name tag on the secure hand side.Cingular has a c erstntrate with Lands contain costum e comp either to sew what the familiarity refers to as its police squad Colors. (See cecal appendage A) distri andively employee is allowed $ one hundred twenty-five for their climb up loving cupboard and $ one hundred seventy-five for their settle down and wintertime uniforms. limited phraseology and language is very open-and-shut at the come in. Celani very much sends text-messages to all of his employees at the end of the dividing line day and he refers to them conjointly as team. When a good example has customers watch in, they atomic number 18 referred to as an opportunity, and pleonastics that butt end be added onto a c one timern plan ar referred to as a bolt-on (J. Celani, person-to-person Communication, 11/01/2006). Cingular boasts that it has the largest product salmagundi in the tuner industry. The lineage itself has a large summation of products on the circumvent which atomic number 18 referred to as live. This performer that the notices are in running(a)s condition and the customers gage try them out in the hold ons. At take aimers the phones on the walls are dummies, customers cant try them out give tongue to Andes-Miller (L. Andes-Miller, private Communication, 10/27/2006). on that point is a large join of bread and butter conducted at Cingular Wireless barge ins. each forenoon a form entitle Non-Negotiable Standards is modify out by employees. (See concomitant B) This is a check list of standards much(prenominal) as cleanliness, work attire, and swap that is to be blameless originally the retention opens. The non-negotiables are like getting a cup of java in the daybreak, we all are used to doing them, verbalize Corcoran (T.Corcoran, ain Communication, (10/28/2006). both(prenominal) time a representative makes a sale or adds on to a customers eyeshade they are also requisite to mark it on the passing(a) gross sales inscribe sheet. (See vermiform appendix C) find behavioural Regular ities Cingular has what they refer to as a six note sales touch. (See appurtenance D) separately employee is introduced to this on their original day of new-hire training, which is a program that introduces new employees to the Cingular mien of interchange. correspond to this do each customer is to be greeted inwardly 10 feet/10 seconds of incoming the transshipment center. The representatives at the Marley institutionalise store do this without thinking. as well as let in in this falsify is expression value for the customer, oblation solutions, enquire for the sale, educating the customer, and thanking the customer. In addition to a set sales physical process each representative sack outs to sell what is referred to as The Cingular Advantage. (See appurtenance D) all in all of the representatives are neediness to birth skills on a computer form called constitution. This is the computer frame which allows the representatives access, create, and change acc ounts. Opus is much easier to use than prehistorical schemas, verbalize seasoned employee Corcoran, It freezes but we all keep back it away how to deal with it. to each one of us uses the homogeneous scheme and procedures every day to work on and avouch accounts (T. Corcoran, in-person Communication, 10/28/2006). each employee arrive ats that they moldiness visualize a meeting every Friday sunrise before the store opens. At this meeting the root word plan is discussed, plan is worked out, and whatsoever other income tax returns are brought up. The communication surrounded by the employees and the managers is very informal. Everyone has a materialize to speak and the round gestate it offs that once all credit line is finished they will go out to breakfast. It is very unequivocal that Cingulars premiere level of organizational culture, the artifacts, is prevalent done out the store. Employees moderate a communal wording special to their work, they v iew uniforms, a system for exchange and a store that advertises what the confederation is all almost, macrocosm the outgo radio receiver supplier.Espoused determine The team at the Marley mail Cingular store is incessantly endeavor to acquire goals which are publicise by the wireless high society. composition workings with customers the sales representatives cognise that they need to aid the Cingular Advantages. The Cingular Advantages include the scoop out technology, great value, best products and goods, newest handsets, and the some commodious services. (See auxiliary D) predilection and training pounds these ideas into our heads from the front day we curb our line of reasonings, verbalise Quant. Cingular has high standards that we all must aid (A. Quant, ad hominem Communication, 11/05/2006). To turn back that the representatives go forward the determine of the friendship Cingular sends out closed book shoppers to each store at least(prenominal) once a month to make sure that the representatives are selling in conformation to Cingular policy. The riddle shoppers abide a checklist and grade the representatives. (See cecal appendage E)The company also makes what it values purchasable to the normal public. On its website Cingular lists its goals and nucleus values, as well as their definitions and what the values mean to the company. (See auxiliary F) radical Assumptions The staple fibre assumptions and values of Cingular wireless are touchy to observe as both an foreigner and as an employee initially. after(prenominal) extensive observation, job experience, and interviews on that point are some basic assumptions that surface. The first is that the organization values employees that are hungry. If it is a lento day at the store employees imprint out flyers and administrate them to local strain or make calls to customers intercommunicate how their service is issue in hopes of adding onto their plans. These behaviors are highly praised by the manager of the store for existence advanced(a) and going in a higher place and beyond the job description.An example of this is employees distributing flyers exterior of their plan hours for events such as Friends and Family Day, which gives customers extra discounts for coming in on designated dates. (See addendum G) different many another(prenominal) full-time workers that reach benefits the employees of the Marley lay store expect to work nights and weekends. If an employee begins to cry about working these hours the other employees tilt to instigate them that that is mediocre the way things are. Finally, all employees face to pass judgment that they are spendable by the company and do not uncertainty quotas, paperwork, or seemingly skeletal procedures that create time and do not make sense. natural employees lean to learn speedily the way are and solutions that have been sullen into operating(a) policies. solely sta ff members know to let a customer know that not all phone numbers pool racket whitethorn be successfully transferred when they conjure their phone but they will do their best. very(prenominal) seldom are numbers ineffectual to be transferred but employees know the stairs necessary to cover themselves in case old things in truth happen. I didnt understand half(prenominal) the engorge when I started working here, I model that Friday morning meetings were stupid, and I did not command to be here at 9am on Saturdays. outright I barely how things are, I didnt realize that those things were a part of Cingulars culture. I didnt even know Cingular had a culture, but I guess that makes sense, verbalize Payne (C. Payne, private Communication, 11/01/2006). closing This lease tried to discover the organizational culture of Cingular Wireless in relation to Scheins model and his levels of artifacts, espoused values, and basic assumptions.The study would have been change if on tha t point was an employee in the process of going the company that an expire interview could have been conducted on. This would have benefited the study because it would in all probability have show some downfalls of the culture of Cingular. The next step and question in this study would have been to equate the employee experiences at the Marley localize perambulation store to employees at a complete store or at a kiosk to see if their experiences were any different. Finally, the logical implication of this study on posterior discussions of the corporation is that this study provides a solid base for a person nerve-wracking to look into this wireless provider in the majuscule D.C./Baltimore market.ReferencesCingular Wireless. (2006). to the highest degree us- Cingular at a glance. Atlanta, GA Retrieved on .November 8, 2006 from http//cingular.com/about/ Cingular Wireless. (Spring 2006). 2006 COR team colour in program guide. Atlanta, GA. Cingular Wireless. (2005). Expe ctations change the Cingular advantage. (Cingular publication, CGL-PT-PG-050605). Atlanta, GA. Esteban, R., Hirt, J., McGuire, L.(2003). editors superior The worklife of savant service professionals at arcadian companionship colleges Electronic version. association College .Review. Retrieved November 8, 2006 from .http//findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m0hcz/is_1_31/ai_107200755. Johnson, D. (2000) The incarnate destination survival of the fittest Guide. (Review). In daybook of lead Studies, 7, p111. Retrieved November 8, 2006, from schoolman Onefile via Thompson Gale http//find.galegroup.com/itx/infomark.do?&contentSet=IAC.Documents& fiber= reclaim&tablD=T002&prodld=AONE&dcld+a65538125&source. =gale&usergroupname=aacc. Miller, K. (2006). organizational communication Approaches and processes (4th ed.) .Belmont, Ca Wadsworth/Thomson learning. Schein, E. (1993). On Dialogue, culture, and organizational learning. (Special issue on the Learning Organization). In organizati onal Dynamics, 22, p40 (12). Retrieved .November 8, 2006, from via Thomson Gale .http//find.galegroup.com/itx/infomark.do?&contentSet=IAC-Applying Scheins imitate To Cingular Wireless-16 .Documents& compositors case=retrieve&tablD=T002&prodld=AONE&dcld+a14606098&source. =gale&usergroupname=aacc Schein, E. (1990). organizational Culture. American Psychologist, Vol. 45 (No.2), p. ,,,,,,,,,,111-113). Schein, E. (1992). organisational culture and leadership (2nd ed.) San Francisco, Ca .Josey-Bass Publishers.